TY - JOUR

T1 - Acute Effects of Three Different Meal Patterns on Postprandial Metabolism in Older Individuals with a Risk Phenotype for Cardiometabolic Diseases

T2 - A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial

AU - Schönknecht, Yannik B.

AU - Crommen, Silke

AU - Stoffel-Wagner, Birgit

AU - Coenen, Martin

AU - Fimmers, Rolf

AU - Holst, Jens J.

AU - Simon, Marie Christine

AU - Stehle, Peter

AU - Egert, Sarah

PY - 2020

Y1 - 2020

N2 - Scope: The aim of this study is to investigate acute postprandial responses to intake of meals typical for Mediterranean and Western diets. Methods: In a randomized crossover design, overweight and obese participants with a risk phenotype for cardiometabolic diseases consumed three different isoenergetic meals: Western diet-like high-fat (WDHF), Western diet-like high-carbohydrate (WDHC), and Mediterranean diet (MED) meal. Blood samples are collected at fasting and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 h postprandially and analyzed for parameters of lipid and glucose metabolism, inflammation, oxidation, and antioxidant status. Results: Compared to MED and WDHF meals, intake of a WDHC meal results in prolonged and elevated increases in glucose and insulin. Elevations for triglycerides are enhanced after the WDHF meal compared to the MED and the WDHC meal. Glucagon-like peptide-1 and interleukin-6 increase postprandially without meal differences. Apart from vitamin C showing an increase after the MED meal and a decrease after WDHF and WDHC meals, antioxidant markers decrease postprandially without meal differences. Plasma interleukin-1β is not affected by meal intake. Conclusions: Energy-rich meals induce hyperglycemia, hyperlipemia, an inflammatory response, and a decrease in antioxidant markers. A meal typical for the Mediterranean diet results in favorable effects on glycemic, insulinemic, and lipemic responses.

AB - Scope: The aim of this study is to investigate acute postprandial responses to intake of meals typical for Mediterranean and Western diets. Methods: In a randomized crossover design, overweight and obese participants with a risk phenotype for cardiometabolic diseases consumed three different isoenergetic meals: Western diet-like high-fat (WDHF), Western diet-like high-carbohydrate (WDHC), and Mediterranean diet (MED) meal. Blood samples are collected at fasting and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 h postprandially and analyzed for parameters of lipid and glucose metabolism, inflammation, oxidation, and antioxidant status. Results: Compared to MED and WDHF meals, intake of a WDHC meal results in prolonged and elevated increases in glucose and insulin. Elevations for triglycerides are enhanced after the WDHF meal compared to the MED and the WDHC meal. Glucagon-like peptide-1 and interleukin-6 increase postprandially without meal differences. Apart from vitamin C showing an increase after the MED meal and a decrease after WDHF and WDHC meals, antioxidant markers decrease postprandially without meal differences. Plasma interleukin-1β is not affected by meal intake. Conclusions: Energy-rich meals induce hyperglycemia, hyperlipemia, an inflammatory response, and a decrease in antioxidant markers. A meal typical for the Mediterranean diet results in favorable effects on glycemic, insulinemic, and lipemic responses.

KW - glucose response

KW - inflammation

KW - Mediterranean diet

KW - triglyceride response

KW - Western diet

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85083503697&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1002/mnfr.201901035

DO - 10.1002/mnfr.201901035

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 32223057

AN - SCOPUS:85083503697

VL - 64

JO - Molecular Nutrition & Food Research

JF - Molecular Nutrition & Food Research

SN - 1613-4125

IS - 9

M1 - 1901035

ER -