Association of milk intake with hay fever, asthma, and lung function: a Mendelian randomization analysis
Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
Standard
Association of milk intake with hay fever, asthma, and lung function : a Mendelian randomization analysis. / Skaaby, Tea; Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O.; Mahendran, Yuvaraj; Huang, Lam Opal; Sallis, Hannah; Thuesen, Betina H.; Kårhus, Line Lund; Leth-Møller, Katja Biering; Grarup, Niels; Hansen, Torben; Pedersen, Oluf; Burgess, Stephen; Munafò, Marcus R.; Linneberg, Allan.
In: European Journal of Epidemiology, Vol. 37, 2022, p. 713-722.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
Harvard
APA
Vancouver
Author
Bibtex
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
T1 - Association of milk intake with hay fever, asthma, and lung function
T2 - a Mendelian randomization analysis
AU - Skaaby, Tea
AU - Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O.
AU - Mahendran, Yuvaraj
AU - Huang, Lam Opal
AU - Sallis, Hannah
AU - Thuesen, Betina H.
AU - Kårhus, Line Lund
AU - Leth-Møller, Katja Biering
AU - Grarup, Niels
AU - Hansen, Torben
AU - Pedersen, Oluf
AU - Burgess, Stephen
AU - Munafò, Marcus R.
AU - Linneberg, Allan
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2021, Springer Nature B.V.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Background: Previous observational studies have indicated a protective effect of drinking milk on asthma and allergy. In Mendelian Randomization, one or more genetic variants are used as unbiased markers of exposure to examine causal effects. We examined the causal effect of milk intake on hay fever, asthma, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) by using the lactase rs4988235 genotype associated with milk intake. Methods: We performed a Mendelian Randomization study including 363,961 participants from the UK Biobank. Results: Observational analyses showed that self-reported milk-drinkers vs. non-milk drinkers had an increased risk of hay fever: odds ratio (OR) = 1.36 (95% CI 1.32, 1.40, p < 0.001), asthma: OR = 1.33 (95% CI 1.38, 1.29, p < 0.001), yet a higher FEV1: β = 0.022 (SE = 0.004, p < 0.001) and FVC: β = 0.026 (SE = 0.005, p < 0.001). In contrast, genetically determined milk-drinking vs. not drinking milk was associated with a lower risk of hay fever: OR = 0.791 (95% CI 0.636, 0.982, p = 0.033), and asthma: OR = 0.587 (95% CI 0.442, 0.779, p = 0.001), and lower FEV1: β = − 0.154 (standard error, SE = 0.034, p < 0.001) liter, and FVC: β = − 0.223 (SE = 0.034, p < 0.001) liter in univariable MR analyses. These results were supported by multivariable Mendelian randomization analyses although not statistically significant. Conclusions: As opposed to observational results, genetic association findings indicate that drinking milk has a protective effect on hay fever and asthma but may also have a negative effect on lung function. The results should be confirmed in other studies before any recommendations can be made.
AB - Background: Previous observational studies have indicated a protective effect of drinking milk on asthma and allergy. In Mendelian Randomization, one or more genetic variants are used as unbiased markers of exposure to examine causal effects. We examined the causal effect of milk intake on hay fever, asthma, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) by using the lactase rs4988235 genotype associated with milk intake. Methods: We performed a Mendelian Randomization study including 363,961 participants from the UK Biobank. Results: Observational analyses showed that self-reported milk-drinkers vs. non-milk drinkers had an increased risk of hay fever: odds ratio (OR) = 1.36 (95% CI 1.32, 1.40, p < 0.001), asthma: OR = 1.33 (95% CI 1.38, 1.29, p < 0.001), yet a higher FEV1: β = 0.022 (SE = 0.004, p < 0.001) and FVC: β = 0.026 (SE = 0.005, p < 0.001). In contrast, genetically determined milk-drinking vs. not drinking milk was associated with a lower risk of hay fever: OR = 0.791 (95% CI 0.636, 0.982, p = 0.033), and asthma: OR = 0.587 (95% CI 0.442, 0.779, p = 0.001), and lower FEV1: β = − 0.154 (standard error, SE = 0.034, p < 0.001) liter, and FVC: β = − 0.223 (SE = 0.034, p < 0.001) liter in univariable MR analyses. These results were supported by multivariable Mendelian randomization analyses although not statistically significant. Conclusions: As opposed to observational results, genetic association findings indicate that drinking milk has a protective effect on hay fever and asthma but may also have a negative effect on lung function. The results should be confirmed in other studies before any recommendations can be made.
KW - Allergic disease
KW - Asthma
KW - Hay fever
KW - Lung function
KW - Milk
U2 - 10.1007/s10654-021-00826-5
DO - 10.1007/s10654-021-00826-5
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 34978666
AN - SCOPUS:85122145830
VL - 37
SP - 713
EP - 722
JO - European Journal of Epidemiology
JF - European Journal of Epidemiology
SN - 0393-2990
ER -
ID: 289392271