TY - JOUR

T1 - The effects of a 2-year physical activity and dietary intervention on plasma lipid concentrations in children

T2 - the PANIC Study

AU - Eloranta, Aino-Maija

AU - Sallinen, Taisa

AU - Viitasalo, Anna

AU - Lintu, Niina

AU - Väistö, Juuso

AU - Jalkanen, Henna

AU - Tompuri, Tuomo T

AU - Soininen, Sonja

AU - Haapala, Eero A

AU - Kiiskinen, Sanna

AU - Schnurr, Theresia M

AU - Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O

AU - Mikkonen, Santtu

AU - Savonen, Kai

AU - Atalay, Mustafa

AU - Brage, Soren

AU - Laaksonen, David E

AU - Lindi, Virpi

AU - Ågren, Jyrki

AU - Schwab, Ursula

AU - Jääskeläinen, Jarmo

AU - Lakka, Timo A

PY - 2021

Y1 - 2021

N2 - PURPOSE: We studied the effects of a physical activity and dietary intervention on plasma lipids in a general population of children. We also investigated how lifestyle changes contributed to the intervention effects.METHODS: We carried out a 2-year controlled, non-randomized lifestyle intervention study among 504 mainly prepubertal children aged 6-9 years at baseline. We assigned 306 children to the intervention group and 198 children to the control group. We assessed plasma concentrations of total, LDL, HDL, and VLDL cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL triglycerides, and VLDL triglycerides. We evaluated the consumption of foods using 4-day food records and physical activity using a movement and heart rate sensor. We analyzed data using linear mixed-effect models adjusted for age at baseline, sex, and pubertal stage at both time points. Furthermore, specific lifestyle variables were entered in these models.RESULTS: Plasma LDL cholesterol decreased in the intervention group but did not change in the control group ( - 0.05 vs. 0.00 mmol/L, regression coefficient (β) =  - 0.0385, p = 0.040 for group*time interaction). This effect was mainly explained by the changes in the consumption of high-fat vegetable oil-based spreads (β =  - 0.0203, + 47% change in β) and butter-based spreads (β =  - 0.0294, + 30% change in β), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (β =  - 0.0268, + 30% change in β), light physical activity (β =  - 0.0274, + 29% change in β) and sedentary time (β =  - 0.0270, + 30% change in β). The intervention had no effect on other plasma lipids.CONCLUSION: Lifestyle intervention resulted a small decrease in plasma LDL cholesterol concentration in children. The effect was explained by changes in quality and quantity of dietary fat and physical activity.CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NUMBER: NCT01803776, ClinicalTrials.gov.

AB - PURPOSE: We studied the effects of a physical activity and dietary intervention on plasma lipids in a general population of children. We also investigated how lifestyle changes contributed to the intervention effects.METHODS: We carried out a 2-year controlled, non-randomized lifestyle intervention study among 504 mainly prepubertal children aged 6-9 years at baseline. We assigned 306 children to the intervention group and 198 children to the control group. We assessed plasma concentrations of total, LDL, HDL, and VLDL cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL triglycerides, and VLDL triglycerides. We evaluated the consumption of foods using 4-day food records and physical activity using a movement and heart rate sensor. We analyzed data using linear mixed-effect models adjusted for age at baseline, sex, and pubertal stage at both time points. Furthermore, specific lifestyle variables were entered in these models.RESULTS: Plasma LDL cholesterol decreased in the intervention group but did not change in the control group ( - 0.05 vs. 0.00 mmol/L, regression coefficient (β) =  - 0.0385, p = 0.040 for group*time interaction). This effect was mainly explained by the changes in the consumption of high-fat vegetable oil-based spreads (β =  - 0.0203, + 47% change in β) and butter-based spreads (β =  - 0.0294, + 30% change in β), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (β =  - 0.0268, + 30% change in β), light physical activity (β =  - 0.0274, + 29% change in β) and sedentary time (β =  - 0.0270, + 30% change in β). The intervention had no effect on other plasma lipids.CONCLUSION: Lifestyle intervention resulted a small decrease in plasma LDL cholesterol concentration in children. The effect was explained by changes in quality and quantity of dietary fat and physical activity.CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NUMBER: NCT01803776, ClinicalTrials.gov.

U2 - 10.1007/s00394-020-02260-x

DO - 10.1007/s00394-020-02260-x

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 32367254

VL - 60

SP - 425

EP - 434

JO - European Journal of Nutrition

JF - European Journal of Nutrition

SN - 1436-6207

ER -