Exercise is associated with younger methylome and transcriptome profiles in human skeletal muscle

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  • Sarah Voisin
  • Kirsten Seale
  • Macsue Jacques
  • Shanie Landen
  • Nicholas R. Harvey
  • Larisa M. Haupt
  • Lyn R. Griffiths
  • Kevin J. Ashton
  • Vernon G. Coffey
  • Jamie Lee M. Thompson
  • Thomas M. Doering
  • Malene E. Lindholm
  • Colum Walsh
  • Gareth Davison
  • Rachelle Irwin
  • Catherine McBride
  • Ola Hansson
  • Olof Asplund
  • Aino E. Heikkinen
  • Päivi Piirilä
  • And 7 others
  • Kirsi H. Pietiläinen
  • Miina Ollikainen
  • Sara Blocquiaux
  • Martine Thomis
  • Coletta K. Dawn
  • Adam P. Sharples
  • Nir Eynon
Exercise training prevents age-related decline in muscle function. Targeting epigenetic aging is a promising actionable mechanism and late- life exercise mitigates epi -genetic aging in rodent muscle. Whether exercise training can decelerate, or reverse epigenetic aging in humans is unknown. Here, we performed a powerful meta- analysis of the methylome and transcriptome of an unprecedented number of human skeletal muscle samples (n= 3176). We show that: (1) individuals with higher  baseline aero -bic fitness have younger epigenetic and transcriptomic profiles, (2) exercise training leads to significant shifts of epigenetic and transcriptomic patterns toward a younger profile, and (3) muscle disuse “ages”  the transcriptome. Higher fitness levels were associated with attenuated differential methylation and transcription during aging. Furthermore, both epigenetic and transcriptomic profiles shifted toward a younger state after exercise training interventions, while the transcriptome shifted toward an older state after forced muscle disuse. We demonstrate that exercise training targets many of the age- related transcripts and DNA methylation loci to maintain younger methylome and transcriptome profiles, specifically in genes related to muscle struc-ture, metabolism, and mitochondrial function. Our comprehensive analysis will inform future studies aiming to identify the best combination of therapeutics and exercise regimes to optimize longevity.
Original languageEnglish
Article numbere13859
JournalAging Cell
Volume23
Issue number1
Number of pages15
ISSN1474-9718
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2024

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors. Aging Cell published by Anatomical Society and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

    Research areas

  • aging, cardiorespiratory fitness, DNA methylation, exercise training, human skeletal muscle, meta-analysis, mRNA expression

ID: 347485717