FXR is a molecular target for the effects of vertical sleeve gastrectomy
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FXR is a molecular target for the effects of vertical sleeve gastrectomy. / Ryan, Karen K; Tremaroli, Valentina; Clemmensen, Christoffer; Kovatcheva-Datchary, Petia; Myronovych, Andriy; Karns, Rebekah; Wilson-Pérez, Hilary E; Sandoval, Darleen A; Kohli, Rohit; Bäckhed, Fredrik; Seeley, Randy J.
In: Nature, Vol. 509, No. 7499, 08.05.2014, p. 183-8.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - FXR is a molecular target for the effects of vertical sleeve gastrectomy
AU - Ryan, Karen K
AU - Tremaroli, Valentina
AU - Clemmensen, Christoffer
AU - Kovatcheva-Datchary, Petia
AU - Myronovych, Andriy
AU - Karns, Rebekah
AU - Wilson-Pérez, Hilary E
AU - Sandoval, Darleen A
AU - Kohli, Rohit
AU - Bäckhed, Fredrik
AU - Seeley, Randy J
PY - 2014/5/8
Y1 - 2014/5/8
N2 - Bariatric surgical procedures, such as vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG), are at present the most effective therapy for the treatment of obesity, and are associated with considerable improvements in co-morbidities, including type-2 diabetes mellitus. The underlying molecular mechanisms contributing to these benefits remain largely undetermined, despite offering the potential to reveal new targets for therapeutic intervention. Substantial changes in circulating total bile acids are known to occur after VSG. Moreover, bile acids are known to regulate metabolism by binding to the nuclear receptor FXR (farsenoid-X receptor, also known as NR1H4). We therefore examined the results of VSG surgery applied to mice with diet-induced obesity and targeted genetic disruption of FXR. Here we demonstrate that the therapeutic value of VSG does not result from mechanical restriction imposed by a smaller stomach. Rather, VSG is associated with increased circulating bile acids, and associated changes to gut microbial communities. Moreover, in the absence of FXR, the ability of VSG to reduce body weight and improve glucose tolerance is substantially reduced. These results point to bile acids and FXR signalling as an important molecular underpinning for the beneficial effects of this weight-loss surgery.
AB - Bariatric surgical procedures, such as vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG), are at present the most effective therapy for the treatment of obesity, and are associated with considerable improvements in co-morbidities, including type-2 diabetes mellitus. The underlying molecular mechanisms contributing to these benefits remain largely undetermined, despite offering the potential to reveal new targets for therapeutic intervention. Substantial changes in circulating total bile acids are known to occur after VSG. Moreover, bile acids are known to regulate metabolism by binding to the nuclear receptor FXR (farsenoid-X receptor, also known as NR1H4). We therefore examined the results of VSG surgery applied to mice with diet-induced obesity and targeted genetic disruption of FXR. Here we demonstrate that the therapeutic value of VSG does not result from mechanical restriction imposed by a smaller stomach. Rather, VSG is associated with increased circulating bile acids, and associated changes to gut microbial communities. Moreover, in the absence of FXR, the ability of VSG to reduce body weight and improve glucose tolerance is substantially reduced. These results point to bile acids and FXR signalling as an important molecular underpinning for the beneficial effects of this weight-loss surgery.
KW - Animals
KW - Bariatric Surgery
KW - Bile Acids and Salts
KW - Body Composition
KW - Cecum
KW - Feeding Behavior
KW - Gastrectomy
KW - Glucose Intolerance
KW - Glucose Tolerance Test
KW - Male
KW - Mice
KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL
KW - Obesity
KW - Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear
KW - Signal Transduction
KW - Stomach
KW - Weight Loss
KW - Journal Article
KW - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
KW - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
U2 - 10.1038/nature13135
DO - 10.1038/nature13135
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 24670636
VL - 509
SP - 183
EP - 188
JO - Nature
JF - Nature
SN - 0028-0836
IS - 7499
ER -
ID: 182328338