Preserved GLP-1 and exaggerated GIP secretion in type 2 diabetes and relationships with triglycerides and ALT
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Preserved GLP-1 and exaggerated GIP secretion in type 2 diabetes and relationships with triglycerides and ALT. / Alssema, Marjan; Rijkelijkhuizen, Josina M; Holst, Jens Juul; Teerlink, Tom; Scheffer, Peter G; Eekhoff, Elisabeth M W; Gastaldelli, Amalia; Mari, Andrea; Hart, Leen M't; Nijpels, Giel; Dekker, Jacqueline M.
In: European Journal of Endocrinology, Vol. 169, No. 4, 10.2013, p. 421-30.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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T1 - Preserved GLP-1 and exaggerated GIP secretion in type 2 diabetes and relationships with triglycerides and ALT
AU - Alssema, Marjan
AU - Rijkelijkhuizen, Josina M
AU - Holst, Jens Juul
AU - Teerlink, Tom
AU - Scheffer, Peter G
AU - Eekhoff, Elisabeth M W
AU - Gastaldelli, Amalia
AU - Mari, Andrea
AU - Hart, Leen M't
AU - Nijpels, Giel
AU - Dekker, Jacqueline M
PY - 2013/10
Y1 - 2013/10
N2 - OBJECTIVE: To i) compare incretin responses to oral glucose and mixed meal of diabetic patients with the normoglycaemic population and ii) to investigate whether incretin responses are associated with hypertriglyceridaemia and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) as liver fat marker.DESIGN: A population-based study.METHODS: A total of 163 persons with normal glucose metabolism (NGM), 20 with intermediate hyperglycaemia and 20 with type 2 diabetes aged 40-65 years participated. Participants received a mixed meal and oral glucose load on separate occasions. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon profiles were analysed as total area under the curve (tAUC) and incremental area under the curve.RESULTS: In diabetic patients compared with persons with NGM, we found increased GLP-1 secretion (tAUC per hour) following oral glucose (23.2 pmol/l (95% CI 17.7-28.7) vs 18.0 (95% CI 16.9-19.1), P<0.05) but not after the mixed meal. GIP secretion among diabetic patients was increased on both occasions (82.9 pmol/l (55.9-109.8) vs 47.1 (43.8-50.4) for oral glucose and 130.6 (92.5-168.7) vs 83.2 (77.5-88.9) for mixed meal, both P<0.05). After oral glucose, GLP-1 (tAUC per hour) was inversely related to fasting triglycerides. GIP (tAUC per hour) was positively related to fasting and postprandial triglycerides. Higher fasting GIP levels were related to higher fasting and postprandial triglyceride levels and ALT.CONCLUSION: This study confirms that in type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 secretion is generally preserved and that GIP secretion is exaggerated. The mechanism underlying the divergent associations of GLP-1 and GIP metabolism with fat metabolism and liver fat accumulation warrants further study.
AB - OBJECTIVE: To i) compare incretin responses to oral glucose and mixed meal of diabetic patients with the normoglycaemic population and ii) to investigate whether incretin responses are associated with hypertriglyceridaemia and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) as liver fat marker.DESIGN: A population-based study.METHODS: A total of 163 persons with normal glucose metabolism (NGM), 20 with intermediate hyperglycaemia and 20 with type 2 diabetes aged 40-65 years participated. Participants received a mixed meal and oral glucose load on separate occasions. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon profiles were analysed as total area under the curve (tAUC) and incremental area under the curve.RESULTS: In diabetic patients compared with persons with NGM, we found increased GLP-1 secretion (tAUC per hour) following oral glucose (23.2 pmol/l (95% CI 17.7-28.7) vs 18.0 (95% CI 16.9-19.1), P<0.05) but not after the mixed meal. GIP secretion among diabetic patients was increased on both occasions (82.9 pmol/l (55.9-109.8) vs 47.1 (43.8-50.4) for oral glucose and 130.6 (92.5-168.7) vs 83.2 (77.5-88.9) for mixed meal, both P<0.05). After oral glucose, GLP-1 (tAUC per hour) was inversely related to fasting triglycerides. GIP (tAUC per hour) was positively related to fasting and postprandial triglycerides. Higher fasting GIP levels were related to higher fasting and postprandial triglyceride levels and ALT.CONCLUSION: This study confirms that in type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 secretion is generally preserved and that GIP secretion is exaggerated. The mechanism underlying the divergent associations of GLP-1 and GIP metabolism with fat metabolism and liver fat accumulation warrants further study.
KW - Adult
KW - Aged
KW - Alanine Transaminase
KW - Area Under Curve
KW - Biological Markers
KW - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
KW - Eating
KW - Female
KW - Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide
KW - Glucagon
KW - Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
KW - Glucose
KW - Glucose Tolerance Test
KW - Humans
KW - Incretins
KW - Lipid Metabolism
KW - Male
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Triglycerides
U2 - 10.1530/EJE-13-0487
DO - 10.1530/EJE-13-0487
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 23864340
VL - 169
SP - 421
EP - 430
JO - European Journal of Endocrinology
JF - European Journal of Endocrinology
SN - 0804-4643
IS - 4
ER -
ID: 117853756