TY - JOUR

T1 - Effects of Mediterranean diets on kidney function

T2 - a report from the PREDIMED trial

AU - Díaz-López, Andrés

AU - Bulló, Mònica

AU - Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel

AU - Guasch-Ferré, Marta

AU - Ros, Emilio

AU - Basora, Josep

AU - Covas, María-Isabel

AU - del Carmen López-Sabater, Maria

AU - Salas-Salvadó, Jordi

AU - PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) Reus Study Investigators

N1 - Copyright © 2012 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

PY - 2012

Y1 - 2012

N2 - BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic observations have linked healthy dietary patterns to improved kidney function.STUDY DESIGN: We assessed the effects of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) on kidney function in both a cross-sectional assessment and after a 1-year intervention in a cohort of the PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) Study, a multicenter 3-arm randomized clinical trial to determine the efficacy of the MedDiet on primary cardiovascular prevention.SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: Community-dwelling men aged 55-80 years and women aged 60-80 years at high risk of cardiovascular disease from Reus, Spain.INTERVENTION: Participants were randomly assigned to 3 ad libitum diets: a MedDiet supplemented with virgin olive oil (MedDiet + olive oil), a MedDiet supplemented with mixed nuts (MedDiet + nuts), or a control low-fat diet.OUTCOMES: Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR).MEASUREMENTS: Nutrient intake, adherence to the MedDiet, lifestyle variables, cardiovascular risk factors, serum urea and creatinine concentrations, eGFR, and urinary ACR were evaluated at baseline and after intervention for 1 year.RESULTS: Baseline kidney function markers were similar across quartiles of adherence to the MedDiet in 785 participants (55% women; mean age, 67 years). After a 1-year intervention in 665 participants, the 3 dietary approaches were associated with improved kidney function, with similar average increases in eGFR (4.7 [95% CI, 3.2-6.2], 3.5 [95% CI, 1.9-5.0], and 4.1 [95% CI, 2.8-5.5] mL/min/1.73 m(2) for the MedDiet + olive oil, MedDiet + nuts, and control groups, respectively [P < 0.001 vs baseline for each; P = 0.9 for differences among groups]), but no changes in ACRs after adjustment for various confounders.LIMITATIONS: Generalization of results to other age groups or ethnicities. GFR was not directly measured.CONCLUSIONS: The results do not support the notion that the MedDiet has a beneficial effect on kidney function over and above that of advice for a low-fat diet in elderly individuals at high cardiovascular risk.

AB - BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic observations have linked healthy dietary patterns to improved kidney function.STUDY DESIGN: We assessed the effects of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) on kidney function in both a cross-sectional assessment and after a 1-year intervention in a cohort of the PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) Study, a multicenter 3-arm randomized clinical trial to determine the efficacy of the MedDiet on primary cardiovascular prevention.SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: Community-dwelling men aged 55-80 years and women aged 60-80 years at high risk of cardiovascular disease from Reus, Spain.INTERVENTION: Participants were randomly assigned to 3 ad libitum diets: a MedDiet supplemented with virgin olive oil (MedDiet + olive oil), a MedDiet supplemented with mixed nuts (MedDiet + nuts), or a control low-fat diet.OUTCOMES: Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR).MEASUREMENTS: Nutrient intake, adherence to the MedDiet, lifestyle variables, cardiovascular risk factors, serum urea and creatinine concentrations, eGFR, and urinary ACR were evaluated at baseline and after intervention for 1 year.RESULTS: Baseline kidney function markers were similar across quartiles of adherence to the MedDiet in 785 participants (55% women; mean age, 67 years). After a 1-year intervention in 665 participants, the 3 dietary approaches were associated with improved kidney function, with similar average increases in eGFR (4.7 [95% CI, 3.2-6.2], 3.5 [95% CI, 1.9-5.0], and 4.1 [95% CI, 2.8-5.5] mL/min/1.73 m(2) for the MedDiet + olive oil, MedDiet + nuts, and control groups, respectively [P < 0.001 vs baseline for each; P = 0.9 for differences among groups]), but no changes in ACRs after adjustment for various confounders.LIMITATIONS: Generalization of results to other age groups or ethnicities. GFR was not directly measured.CONCLUSIONS: The results do not support the notion that the MedDiet has a beneficial effect on kidney function over and above that of advice for a low-fat diet in elderly individuals at high cardiovascular risk.

KW - Age Factors

KW - Aged

KW - Aged, 80 and over

KW - Anthropometry

KW - Body Mass Index

KW - Cardiovascular Diseases/diet therapy

KW - Cross-Sectional Studies

KW - Diet, Mediterranean

KW - Energy Intake

KW - Female

KW - Humans

KW - Kidney Function Tests

KW - Longitudinal Studies

KW - Male

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Patient Compliance

KW - Reference Values

KW - Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diet therapy

KW - Risk Assessment

KW - Sex Factors

KW - Spain

KW - Treatment Outcome

U2 - 10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.02.334

DO - 10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.02.334

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 22541738

VL - 60

SP - 380

EP - 389

JO - American Journal of Kidney Diseases

JF - American Journal of Kidney Diseases

SN - 0272-6386

IS - 3

ER -