TY - JOUR

T1 - Heavier smoking may lead to a relative increase in waist circumference

T2 - evidence for a causal relationship from a Mendelian randomisation meta-analysis. The CARTA consortium

AU - Morris, Richard W

AU - Taylor, Amy E

AU - Fluharty, Meg E

AU - Bjørngaard, Johan H

AU - Åsvold, Bjørn Olav

AU - Elvestad Gabrielsen, Maiken

AU - Campbell, Archie

AU - Marioni, Riccardo

AU - Kumari, Meena

AU - Korhonen, Tellervo

AU - Männistö, Satu

AU - Marques-Vidal, Pedro

AU - Kaakinen, Marika

AU - Cavadino, Alana

AU - Postmus, Iris

AU - Husemoen, Lise Lotte N

AU - Skaaby, Tea

AU - Ahluwalia, Tarun Veer Singh

AU - Treur, Jorien L

AU - Willemsen, Gonneke

AU - Dale, Caroline

AU - Wannamethee, S Goya

AU - Lahti, Jari

AU - Palotie, Aarno

AU - Räikkönen, Katri

AU - McConnachie, Alex

AU - Padmanabhan, Sandosh

AU - Wong, Andrew

AU - Dalgård, Christine

AU - Paternoster, Lavinia

AU - Ben-Shlomo, Yoav

AU - Tyrrell, Jessica

AU - Horwood, John

AU - Fergusson, David M

AU - Kennedy, Martin A

AU - Nohr, Ellen A

AU - Christiansen, Lene

AU - Kyvik, Kirsten Ohm

AU - Kuh, Diana

AU - Watt, Graham

AU - Eriksson, Johan G

AU - Whincup, Peter H

AU - Vink, Jacqueline M

AU - Boomsma, Dorret I

AU - Davey Smith, George

AU - Lawlor, Debbie

AU - Linneberg, Allan

AU - Ford, Ian

AU - Jukema, J Wouter

AU - Power, Chris

AU - Hyppönen, Elina

AU - Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta

AU - Preisig, Martin

AU - Borodulin, Katja

AU - Kaprio, Jaakko

AU - Kivimaki, Mika

AU - Smith, Blair H

AU - Hayward, Caroline

AU - Romundstad, Pål R

AU - Sørensen, Thorkild I A

AU - Munafò, Marcus R

AU - Sattar, Naveed

N1 - Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.

PY - 2015

Y1 - 2015

N2 - OBJECTIVES: To investigate, using a Mendelian randomisation approach, whether heavier smoking is associated with a range of regional adiposity phenotypes, in particular those related to abdominal adiposity.DESIGN: Mendelian randomisation meta-analyses using a genetic variant (rs16969968/rs1051730 in the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 gene region) as a proxy for smoking heaviness, of the associations of smoking heaviness with a range of adiposity phenotypes.PARTICIPANTS: 148,731 current, former and never-smokers of European ancestry aged ≥ 16 years from 29 studies in the consortium for Causal Analysis Research in Tobacco and Alcohol (CARTA).PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Waist and hip circumferences, and waist-hip ratio.RESULTS: The data included up to 66,809 never-smokers, 43,009 former smokers and 38,913 current daily cigarette smokers. Among current smokers, for each extra minor allele, the geometric mean was lower for waist circumference by -0.40% (95% CI -0.57% to -0.22%), with effects on hip circumference, waist-hip ratio and body mass index (BMI) being -0.31% (95% CI -0.42% to -0.19), -0.08% (-0.19% to 0.03%) and -0.74% (-0.96% to -0.51%), respectively. In contrast, among never-smokers, these effects were higher by 0.23% (0.09% to 0.36%), 0.17% (0.08% to 0.26%), 0.07% (-0.01% to 0.15%) and 0.35% (0.18% to 0.52%), respectively. When adjusting the three central adiposity measures for BMI, the effects among current smokers changed direction and were higher by 0.14% (0.05% to 0.22%) for waist circumference, 0.02% (-0.05% to 0.08%) for hip circumference and 0.10% (0.02% to 0.19%) for waist-hip ratio, for each extra minor allele.CONCLUSIONS: For a given BMI, a gene variant associated with increased cigarette consumption was associated with increased waist circumference. Smoking in an effort to control weight may lead to accumulation of central adiposity.

AB - OBJECTIVES: To investigate, using a Mendelian randomisation approach, whether heavier smoking is associated with a range of regional adiposity phenotypes, in particular those related to abdominal adiposity.DESIGN: Mendelian randomisation meta-analyses using a genetic variant (rs16969968/rs1051730 in the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 gene region) as a proxy for smoking heaviness, of the associations of smoking heaviness with a range of adiposity phenotypes.PARTICIPANTS: 148,731 current, former and never-smokers of European ancestry aged ≥ 16 years from 29 studies in the consortium for Causal Analysis Research in Tobacco and Alcohol (CARTA).PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Waist and hip circumferences, and waist-hip ratio.RESULTS: The data included up to 66,809 never-smokers, 43,009 former smokers and 38,913 current daily cigarette smokers. Among current smokers, for each extra minor allele, the geometric mean was lower for waist circumference by -0.40% (95% CI -0.57% to -0.22%), with effects on hip circumference, waist-hip ratio and body mass index (BMI) being -0.31% (95% CI -0.42% to -0.19), -0.08% (-0.19% to 0.03%) and -0.74% (-0.96% to -0.51%), respectively. In contrast, among never-smokers, these effects were higher by 0.23% (0.09% to 0.36%), 0.17% (0.08% to 0.26%), 0.07% (-0.01% to 0.15%) and 0.35% (0.18% to 0.52%), respectively. When adjusting the three central adiposity measures for BMI, the effects among current smokers changed direction and were higher by 0.14% (0.05% to 0.22%) for waist circumference, 0.02% (-0.05% to 0.08%) for hip circumference and 0.10% (0.02% to 0.19%) for waist-hip ratio, for each extra minor allele.CONCLUSIONS: For a given BMI, a gene variant associated with increased cigarette consumption was associated with increased waist circumference. Smoking in an effort to control weight may lead to accumulation of central adiposity.

U2 - 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008808

DO - 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008808

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 26264275

VL - 5

SP - 1

EP - 10

JO - BMJ Open

JF - BMJ Open

SN - 2044-6055

IS - 8

M1 - e008808

ER -