Vagal afferents are essential for maximal resection-induced intestinal adaptive growth in orally fed rats
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Vagal afferents are essential for maximal resection-induced intestinal adaptive growth in orally fed rats. / Nelson, David W; Liu, Xiaowen; Holst, Jens Juul; Raybould, Helen E; Ney, Denise M.
In: American Journal of Physiology: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Vol. 291, No. 5, 11.2006, p. R1256-64.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Vagal afferents are essential for maximal resection-induced intestinal adaptive growth in orally fed rats
AU - Nelson, David W
AU - Liu, Xiaowen
AU - Holst, Jens Juul
AU - Raybould, Helen E
AU - Ney, Denise M
PY - 2006/11
Y1 - 2006/11
N2 - Small bowel resection stimulates intestinal adaptive growth by a neuroendocrine process thought to involve both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation and enterotrophic hormones such as glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2). We investigated whether capsaicin-sensitive vagal afferent neurons are essential for maximal resection-induced intestinal growth. Rats received systemic or perivagal capsaicin or ganglionectomy before 70% midjejunoileal resection or transection and were fed orally or by total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for 7 days after surgery. Growth of residual bowel was assessed by changes in mucosal mass, protein, DNA, and histology. Both systemic and perivagal capsaicin significantly attenuated by 48-100% resection-induced increases in ileal mucosal mass, protein, and DNA in rats fed orally. Villus height was significantly reduced in resected rats given capsaicin compared with vehicle. Sucrase specific activity in jejunal mucosa was not significantly different; ileal mucosal sucrase specific activity was significantly increased by resection in capsaicin-treated rats. Capsaicin did not alter the 57% increase in ileal proglucagon mRNA or the 150% increase in plasma concentration of bioactive GLP-2 resulting from resection in orally fed rats. Ablation of spinal/splanchnic innervation by ganglionectomy failed to attenuate resection-induced adaptive growth. In TPN rats, capsaicin did not attenuate resection-induced mucosal growth. We conclude that vagal afferents are not essential for GLP-2 secretion when the ileum has direct contact with luminal nutrients after resection. In summary, vagal afferent neurons are essential for maximal resection-induced intestinal adaptation through a mechanism that appears to involve stimulation by luminal nutrients.
AB - Small bowel resection stimulates intestinal adaptive growth by a neuroendocrine process thought to involve both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation and enterotrophic hormones such as glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2). We investigated whether capsaicin-sensitive vagal afferent neurons are essential for maximal resection-induced intestinal growth. Rats received systemic or perivagal capsaicin or ganglionectomy before 70% midjejunoileal resection or transection and were fed orally or by total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for 7 days after surgery. Growth of residual bowel was assessed by changes in mucosal mass, protein, DNA, and histology. Both systemic and perivagal capsaicin significantly attenuated by 48-100% resection-induced increases in ileal mucosal mass, protein, and DNA in rats fed orally. Villus height was significantly reduced in resected rats given capsaicin compared with vehicle. Sucrase specific activity in jejunal mucosa was not significantly different; ileal mucosal sucrase specific activity was significantly increased by resection in capsaicin-treated rats. Capsaicin did not alter the 57% increase in ileal proglucagon mRNA or the 150% increase in plasma concentration of bioactive GLP-2 resulting from resection in orally fed rats. Ablation of spinal/splanchnic innervation by ganglionectomy failed to attenuate resection-induced adaptive growth. In TPN rats, capsaicin did not attenuate resection-induced mucosal growth. We conclude that vagal afferents are not essential for GLP-2 secretion when the ileum has direct contact with luminal nutrients after resection. In summary, vagal afferent neurons are essential for maximal resection-induced intestinal adaptation through a mechanism that appears to involve stimulation by luminal nutrients.
KW - Adaptation, Physiological
KW - Animals
KW - Body Weight
KW - Capsaicin
KW - Enteral Nutrition
KW - Ganglionectomy
KW - Glucagon-Like Peptide 2
KW - Ileum
KW - Intestinal Mucosa
KW - Intestines
KW - Jejunum
KW - Male
KW - Neurons, Afferent
KW - Parenteral Nutrition
KW - Proglucagon
KW - RNA, Messenger
KW - Rats
KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
KW - Serine Endopeptidases
KW - Sucrase
KW - Vagus Nerve
U2 - 10.1152/ajpregu.00247.2006
DO - 10.1152/ajpregu.00247.2006
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 17028287
VL - 291
SP - R1256-64
JO - American Journal of Physiology
JF - American Journal of Physiology
SN - 0363-6119
IS - 5
ER -
ID: 132050804